Improvement in processes for lining bessemer converters



A. S. DUNNING.

PRocEss Fon LINING BESSEMER CONVERTERS.

Patented Dec.12, 1876.

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IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES FOR LINING BESSEEVIER CCNVERTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,22l, dated December 12, 1876; application filed September 28,1876.

1'0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALMON S. DUNNING, of the city of Joliet, in NVill county, State of Illinois, have invented certain Improvements in the Process of Lining the Interior Part of a Gon verter or Bessemer-Steel Vessel, the construction and operation of'which I will proceed to explain, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making a part 0l' this speciflcation, in which- Figure l is a vertical sectional view of the converter with the lining in.

The nature of my invention consists in the process or mode of lining the interior lire-surface of the converter` C. ThisI do by mixing up a fire-proof mixture of any desired material, about of the consistency of stii' mortar, so that it can be rolled up in balls by hand. These balls I then lay, one on the other, all around the interior of the converter, and,while soft, press by hand into a compact wall or linng, shown at B, and also in the bottom around the tuyeres a at A.

By this mode the converter can be lined in very much less time, and at vastly less exjpense, than in any of the old modes commonly i use.

I am aware that lire-brick as a backing,with

, thin mortar-like solution spread over their inside face, have been used to line up the in- Zerior of such a converter; and I am also aware *hat a dampened mixture has been used as a *sing by being tamped in in layers.

I am not aware that a soft plastic mixture put in, as described, without being tampered in in layers has ever been used.

After the plastic mixture is laid up in a wall fo.- a lining, as described, a lire is used in the converter to dry it before its use. It then becomes one continuous homogeneous mass, that gives better results than any other lining yet 1n use.

I am aware that the bottom containing the tuyeres a, has been lined by having a course of brick between the shell c and the tuyeres a, and a dampened mixture put in by tampers between the bricks and the tuyeres, and among the tuyeres. By that process the dampened mixture has been tam pedv in in thin layers, which layers are liable to blow out, disabling the converter from making more than from one to ten heats without a new-lined bottom, while, by the process I now use, the converter will run from ten to twenty-four heats at a less expense by one-half than when lined in the old mode.

I regard the lining ofthe bottom by means of the plastic material, as before described, as the more important part of my invention, because the blowing out of the lining is thoroughly prevented, as it becomes, when dried, as set forth, one solid homogeneous mass, incapable of blowing out in layers or pieces.

No other bottom has been constructed without seams, as this. The seams allow the metal to enter, and the result is the bottom becomes loosened and blows out, while this, instead of blowing out or scaling olf, simply burns ott' or wears out on its fire-surface. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows, to wit:

The process of lining Bessemer-steel converters, which consists in laying stili' fireproof mortar, in balls, around the interior surface and' in the bottom of the vessel, about the tuyeres, and then pressing them down into a uniform surface and homogeneous lining, substantially as herein shown and described.

ALMON S. DUNNING. 

